Identifying Substantial Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Outcomes and Care in Wisconsin Using Electronic Health Record Data
Identifying Substantial Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Outcomes and Care in Wisconsin Using Electronic Health Record Data
Although Wisconsin ranks highly in overall health care quality, the state performs poorly with respect to health disparities. To eliminate health disparities in Wisconsin, it is critical to understand where disparities exist.
Measuring disparities in health outcomes and care allows for benchmarking of current performance and monitoring changes over time. Measurement also allows stakeholders to prioritize efforts and develop and implement programs for the populations that are most impacted by disparities. Authors including HIP Investigator, Dr. Maureen Smith identified racial and ethnic disparities in health outcome and care measures in Wisconsin.
Co-designing to advance community health and health equity in Wisconsin: Building the Neighborhood Health Partnerships Program
Co-designing to advance community health and health equity in Wisconsin: Building the Neighborhood Health Partnerships Program
Engaging communities can increase the speed of translating health and health equity research into practice. Effective engagement requires a shared understanding of neighborhood health care quality and outcomes. Creating this shared understanding can be challenging without timely and accurate local health data, or ways to provide the data that are directly applicable to improving community health.
In this publication, authors including HIP Investigator, Dr. Maureen Smith discuss how an effective co-design strategy can lead to increased usability and adoption of CTSA resources, enabling a shared understanding of community health and ultimately leading to the successful translation of research into practice.
After the Randomized Trial: Implementation of Community-Based Continence Promotion in the Real World
After the Randomized Trial: Implementation of Community-Based Continence Promotion in the Real World
Most women aged 65 and older have incontinence, associated with high healthcare costs, institutionalization, and negative quality of life, but few seek care. Mind over Matter: Healthy Bowels, Healthy Bladder (MOM) is a small-group self-management workshop, led by a trained facilitator in a community setting, proven to improve incontinence in older women.
The main objective of the study by HIP Investigator, Dr. Heidi Brown et al. was to quantify and understand barriers to and facilitators of implementation, adoption, and maintenance of the MOM intervention. The secondary objective was to engage study communities and Wisconsin Institute for Healthy Aging (WIHA) staff in the development of a partner‐focused implementation package for MOM.
Predictors of Smoking Cessation in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Two Cohorts: Healthcare Factors Most Predictive
Predictors of Smoking Cessation in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Two Cohorts: Healthcare Factors Most Predictive
Smoking doubles the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and additionally contributes to cardiovascular, pulmonary, and oncologic diseases, the main causes of death in patients with RA. While patients are more likely to quit smoking after diagnosis of a smoking-related chronic disease, research shows most will continue to smoke.
HIP Investigator, Dr. Christie Bartels et al. identified predictors of smoking cessation in patients with RA in two health systems to guide future intervention implementation efforts. Authors found that emphasizing smoking cessation with new or seropositive RA patients and leveraging health system interventions could improve smoking cessation and outcomes in RA.
The Balanced Opioid Initiative
The Balanced Opioid Initiative
Rates of opioid prescribing tripled in the USA between 1999 and 2015 and were associated with significant increases in opioid misuse and overdose death. Roughly half of all opioids are prescribed in primary care. The challenge remains in implementing guidelines in a way that balances safety and effectiveness when following clinical guidelines recommending opioid prescribing practices.
HIP Investigator, Dr. Andy Quanbeck et al. designed a study to discover the most cost-effective sequence and combination of strategies for improving opioid prescribing practices in diverse primary care clinics. The results of the study promise to help understand how to cost effectively improve the implementation of evidence-based practices.
Investigating lupus retention in care to inform interventions for disparities reduction: an observational cohort study
Investigating lupus retention in care to inform interventions for disparities reduction: an observational cohort study
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that disproportionately impacts young women, patients of color, and the socioeconomically disadvantaged, making SLE an important target for health disparity measurement and research. HIP Investigator, Dr. Christie Bartels et al. applied WHO-endorsed metrics that helped reduce similar disparities in HIV to investigate relationships between race, disadvantage, and retention in care in an urban lupus cohort. The authors examined predictors of lupus retention in care, developed an SLE Care Continuum, and informed interventions to reduce disparities. Key findings include 40% of patients not being retained at one year, and neighborhood disadvantage was the leading predictor of retention gaps.
Small-Group, Community-Member Intervention for Urinary and Bowel Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Small-Group, Community-Member Intervention for Urinary and Bowel Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial
More than 60% of older U.S. women suffer from urinary incontinence, bowel incontinence, or both, the annual cost of which exceeds $30 billion. In addition to significant negative effects on quality of life and depression, incontinence increases the risk for institutionalization. HIP Investigator, Dr. Heidi Brown et al. evaluated the effects of Mind Over Matter: Healthy Bowels, Healthy Bladder, a small-group intervention, on urinary and bowel incontinence symptoms among older women with incontinence.
The authors found that participation in a small-group intervention improves symptoms of both urinary and bowel incontinence in older women. Mind Over Matter is a feasible model with potential to bring effective behavioral solutions to the community.
Anxiety and Hypertension: Is There a Link? A Literature Review of the Comorbidity Relationship Between Anxiety and Hypertension
Anxiety and Hypertension: Is There a Link? A Literature Review of the Comorbidity Relationship Between Anxiety and Hypertension
There is increasing evidence of a positive association between comorbid anxiety and hypertension. This contemporaneous review by HIP Investigator, Dr. Heather Johnson supports similar findings in historical studies and provides mechanistic hypotheses for larger, longitudinal studies. The objective of this review is to summarize contemporaneous studies evaluating the relationship between prevalent anxiety and comorbid prevalent hypertension, or the development of incident (future) hypertension.
The Importance of Health Insurance Claims Data in Creating Learning Health Systems: Evaluating Care for High-Need High-Cost Patients Using the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network (PCORNet)
The Importance of Health Insurance Claims Data in Creating Learning Health Systems: Evaluating Care for High-Need High-Cost Patients Using the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network (PCORNet)
Case management programs for high-need high-cost patients are spreading rapidly among health systems. PCORNet has substantial potential to support learning health systems in rapidly evaluating these programs, but access to complete patient data on health care utilization is limited as PCORNet is based on electronic health records not health insurance claims data. Because matching cases to comparison patients on baseline utilization is often a critical component of high-quality observational comparative effectiveness research for high-need high-cost patients, limited access to claims may negatively affect the quality of the matching process. A team of authors including HIP Investigators Dr. Maureen Smith and Dr. Menggang Yu sought to determine whether the evaluation of programs for high-need high-cost patients required claims data to match cases to comparison patients.
Rationale and study design of the MyHEART study: A young adult hypertension self-management randomized controlled trial
Rationale and study design of the MyHEART study: A young adult hypertension self-management randomized controlled trial
To address the unmet need in hypertensive care for young adults, we developed MyHEART (My Hypertension Education And Reaching Target), a multi-component, theoretically-based intervention designed to achieve self-management among young adults with uncontrolled hypertension. MyHEART is a patient-centered program, based upon the Self-Determination Theory, that uses evidence-based health behavior approaches to lower blood pressure. Therefore, HIP Investigator, Dr. Heather Johnson and a team of investigators including Dr. Maureen Smith, evaluated MyHEART's impact on changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to usual care after 6 and 12 months in 310 geographically and racially/ethnically diverse young adults with uncontrolled hypertension.